SDSystem Design Studio
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Complete book · Book plan

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Guided learning paths

Interview preparation

Practice a repeatable design flow and the trade-offs most often explored in interviews.

12 sections · 3–5 hours · 0/12 complete

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  1. 1. Practical system-design workflow· Not complete
  2. 2. The 12-question system design loop· Not complete
  3. 3. 1. Requirements: FRs, NFRs, Constraints, and Assumptions· Not complete
  4. 4. 2B. Data Modeling, Indexing, and Partitioning· Not complete
  5. 5. 3. Concurrency· Not complete
  6. 6. 4. Transactions and Consistency· Not complete
  7. 7. 5. APIs, Contracts, and Idempotency· Not complete
  8. 8. 6. Messaging and Asynchronous Work· Not complete
  9. 9. 7. Failure Handling and Resilience· Not complete
  10. 10. 8. Scale, Capacity, Performance, and Caching· Not complete
  11. 11. 13. Master System Design Review Checklist· Not complete
  12. 12. Design review outcome template· Not complete

Architecture review

Review an architecture systematically from boundaries through operability and evolution.

17 sections · 5–7 hours · 0/17 complete

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  1. 1. 1. Requirements: FRs, NFRs, Constraints, and Assumptions· Not complete
  2. 2. 2. Boundaries, State, and Data· Not complete
  3. 3. 2A. Networking and Communication· Not complete
  4. 4. 2B. Data Modeling, Indexing, and Partitioning· Not complete
  5. 5. 2C. Time, Clocks, and Ordering· Not complete
  6. 6. 4. Transactions and Consistency· Not complete
  7. 7. 5. APIs, Contracts, and Idempotency· Not complete
  8. 8. 6. Messaging and Asynchronous Work· Not complete
  9. 9. 7. Failure Handling and Resilience· Not complete
  10. 10. 8. Scale, Capacity, Performance, and Caching· Not complete
  11. 11. 9. Security· Not complete
  12. 12. 10. Observability and Reliability· Not complete
  13. 13. 11. Deployment, Migration, and Evolution· Not complete
  14. 14. 12. Cost, Simplicity, and Operability· Not complete
  15. 15. 13. Master System Design Review Checklist· Not complete
  16. 16. Architecture Decision Record — short template· Not complete
  17. 17. Design review outcome template· Not complete

Agentic systems

Design agent and LLM systems with explicit contracts, failure boundaries, and review gates.

9 sections · 3–4 hours · 0/9 complete

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  1. 1. 1. Requirements: FRs, NFRs, Constraints, and Assumptions· Not complete
  2. 2. 5. APIs, Contracts, and Idempotency· Not complete
  3. 3. 6. Messaging and Asynchronous Work· Not complete
  4. 4. 7. Failure Handling and Resilience· Not complete
  5. 5. 9. Security· Not complete
  6. 6. 10. Observability and Reliability· Not complete
  7. 7. 15. LLM and Agentic Systems· Not complete
  8. 8. 16. Spec-Driven Development for Agentic Systems· Not complete
  9. 9. 17. Agent-System Design Review Checklist· Not complete

Complete handbook · Section 2 of 31

Book plan

This book is designed for architecture work, technical design reviews, and implementation reviews. It starts with business requirements, then moves through correctness, distributed-system behavior, security, operations, and safe change. The final chapter combines everything into one review checklist.

Table · scroll horizontally when needed

#ChapterPurpose
1Requirements: FRs, NFRs, constraintsDefine required behavior, quality targets, constraints, assumptions, and proof.
2Boundaries, state & dataKnow ownership, source of truth, dependencies, and failure boundaries.
2ANetworking & communicationChoose protocols, connection style, geography, and network failure behavior intentionally.
2BData modeling, indexing & partitioningModel from access patterns; optimize before sharding; choose partition keys carefully.
2CTime, clocks & orderingMake time-zone, expiry, and ordering semantics explicit.
3ConcurrencyProtect shared state and reason about simultaneous work.
4Transactions & consistencyChoose transaction boundaries and the consistency model intentionally.
5APIs & idempotencyTreat contracts, retries, versioning, rate limits, and duplicate requests as design concerns.
6Messaging & asynchronous workDesign for duplicate delivery, ordering, backlog, and poison messages.
6AReal-time & long-running workChoose polling, SSE/WebSockets, or background jobs based on actual interaction needs.
7Failures & resiliencePlan timeouts, retries, circuit breaking, degradation, rate limiting, and recovery.
8Scale, performance & cachingEstimate load, find bottlenecks, bound resources, and control stale data.
9SecurityDefine identity, authorization, trust boundaries, secrets, and data protection.
10Observability & reliabilityMake behavior measurable with telemetry, SLOs, health, backup, and recovery.
11Deployment & evolutionChange the system without breaking clients, data, or production.
12Cost, simplicity & operabilityAvoid architecture that is more expensive or complex than the problem.
13Master checklistA reusable end-to-end design review.
14Requirements-to-delivery lifecycleCarry FRs, NFRs, constraints, ADRs, TIP, implementation, verification, and production feedback.
15LLM and agentic systemsDesign model, context, retrieval, tools, memory, orchestration, safety, evaluation, and operations.
16Spec-driven development for agentsTurn intent into versioned behavior, tool, context, evaluation, implementation, and release contracts.
17Agent-system review checklistReview autonomy, protocols, security, reliability, observability, cost, and human control end to end.

Evidence rule

Technical statements and recommendations in this handbook are tied to standards, official platform guidance, government engineering guidance, or peer-reviewed research. Each section lists source IDs such as [S17]. Practitioner material is clearly separated. Where the book combines several sources into a practical rule, it is a synthesis rather than a quotation. Every resource link at the end was checked twice during this validation pass.

Core rule

Do not start with a pattern or technology. Start with a requirement, failure mode, or constraint. Use the simplest design that satisfies the required behavior and quality level.

How to use the checklist

Mark each item PASS, RISK, N/A, or DECISION REQUIRED.

For every RISK, record the consequence, owner, and planned mitigation.

For every important ASSUMPTION, record the owner, evidence needed, and when it must be rechecked.

For every architectural pattern, record what concrete problem it solves.

If a requirement cannot be measured or verified, improve the requirement before declaring the design complete.

Review again when traffic, data volume, business criticality, dependencies, or deployment model changes.

Evidence: S1, S2, S24, S32, S46, S53

Practice after learning

Section learning lab

Build the idea, test your recall, and keep page-specific notes.

The canvas is horizontally scrollable on narrow screens. Select a node and use arrow keys or the move controls; dragging also works.

Diagram ready.

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